Llevábamos mucho tiempo sin publicar ningún tutorial porque hemos andado muy liados y hemos estado aprendiendo nuevos lenguajes y tecnologías para ofreceros nuevo tutoriales dicho esto empecemos con la nueva serie de tutoriales de Python.
Hoy lo que os vamos a enseñar hoy aquí es a instalar Python 3.6 en MacOs y Linux.
Primero comprobaremos que versión tenemos instalada en nuestra máquina, si es que hay alguna, para ello abriremos el terminal y teclearemos python —version.
Si como aparece aquí nuestra versión es 2.x.x os aconsejamos instalar la versión 3.x.x, aunque son totalmente diferentes la una de la otra, así que os vamos a enseñar cómo hacerlo.
INSTALACIÓN EN MACOS
Primero para instalar debemos ir a la página de descargas del lenguaje y le daremos a descargar la última versión estable que aparezca en la página de descargas oficial (en el momento de escribir este tutorial es la 3.6.4).
Una vez terminada la descarga, pincharemos en el archivo .pkg descargado y seguiremos los pasos habituales de instalación. Cuando termine la instalación podemos volver al Terminal para comprobar que todo ha ido bien. Volveremos a teclear python — version y veremos que … no ha cambiado nada: el Terminal nos sigue diciendo que tenemos la versión 2.X.X. ¿Qué hemos hecho mal? Nada. Simplemente ya tenemos dos versiones del lenguaje pero dado que la versión 2 sigue siendo la versión por defecto, al escribir python a secas estamos invocando a la versión 2.X.X del lenguaje. Si queremos invocar la nueva versión que hemos instalado tendremos que escribir:
|
1 |
python3 –-version |
Con este comando veremos si hemos completado la instalación correctamente,la versión que nos debería devolver el terminal es las 3.6.4. Hasta aquí buen trabajo si lo has conseguido.
Además de esto instalaremos pip que es un sistema de gestión de paquetes utilizado para instalar y administrar paquetes en Python, de la siguiente forma:
|
1 |
sudo easy_install pip |
Y podemos comprobar que se ha instalado correctamente con el siguiente comando:
|
1 |
pip --version |
INSTALACIÓN EN LINUX
Para la instalación en Linux tomamos como referencia Ubuntu y la instalaremos mediante comandos del terminal.
El primer paso para ello es instalar los paquetes necesarios para poder instalarlo en nuestra máquina:
|
1 2 |
sudo apt-get install build-essential checkinstall sudo apt-get install libreadline-gplv2-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev |
El segundo paso para continuar con nuestra instalación es descargarlo de su página oficial para ello nos moveremos a la carpeta src dentro de la carpeta usr y descargaremos el archivo .tgz que contiene el compilador.
|
1 2 |
cd /usr/src sudo wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.4/Python-3.6.4.tgz |
En caso de no tener instalado wget tendremos que ejecutar antes el siguiente comando:
|
1 |
sudo apt-get install wget |
Después de esto lo descomprimiremos:
|
1 |
sudo tar xzf Python-3.6.4.tgz |
El siguiente paso es proceder a su compilación en el sistema:
|
1 2 3 |
cd Python-3.6.4 sudo ./configure --enable-optimizations sudo make altinstall |
Por último comprobaremos que la instalación se ha efectuado correctamente ejecutando el comando:
|
1 |
python3.6 -V |
Esto también configurará pip para la instalación futura de módulos del lenguaje y podemos comprobar su instalación de la siguiente forma:
|
1 |
pip3.6 -V |
Bueno y con esto estará finalizada la instalación también en Linux.
Hasta aquí llega el primer tutorial de nuestra serie de Python, en el próximo tutorial os enseñaremos que son los entornos virtuales y como utilizarlos para trabajar con este lenguaje tan útil. Si queréis también podéis visitar nuestra sección de tutoriales para ver nuestros anteriores entradas sobre el nuevo lenguaje oficial de Android Kotlin.
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